Dr. Elisabeth Mills, a researcher at the University of Kansas, joined The Science Coalition to celebrate the wonders of the universe and discuss her groundbreaking work on supermassive black holes and galaxy formation.
Exploring the Cosmos: Unveiling the Mysteries of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies
The universe is a vast, enigmatic place, filled with wonders and phenomena that continue to captivate scientists and the public alike. Among the most fascinating of these mysteries are the supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies, including our own Milky Way. Our research team is dedicated to exploring these cosmic giants, seeking to understand their formation, growth, and impact on their surroundings.
The Heart of Our Galaxy: A Supermassive Black Hole
At the center of the Milky Way lies a supermassive black hole, about six million times the mass of our sun. While we have a good understanding of its current state, questions about its origins and growth remain. How did it form? How did it become so massive? To answer these questions, we turn our gaze to nearby galaxies, which offer different perspectives and conditions.
Tools of Discovery: ALMA
One of our primary tools in this research is the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile. ALMA allows us to observe gas in galaxies at millimeter wavelengths, providing critical insights into their future growth. Gas is the fuel for star formation and galaxy growth. By studying its distribution and movement, we can predict how galaxies will evolve. When black holes feed on surrounding gas, the process is chaotic, emitting heat, X-rays, and gamma rays that affect the broader galaxy.
Communicating Complex Science
A significant aspect of our work is making these complex phenomena accessible and understandable to the public. Images of nebulas and other cosmic structures often use false color to represent wavelengths invisible to the naked eye, yet they are based on true data. Similar technology was used to capture the first image of a black hole, a collaborative effort involving telescopes across the globe.
NSF CAREER Award: A Boost for Research and Outreach
Our research has recently received a significant boost from the NSF CAREER Award, which provides five years of funding. This support enables us to expand our team, including graduate students, and deepen our investigations into nearby galaxies. Additionally, it enhances our outreach efforts, such as public telescope nights and educational programs throughout Kansas, fostering a deeper appreciation for astronomy.
The Role of Federal Funding
Federal funding plays a crucial role in advancing our research and supporting the next generation of scientists. The approval process for grants can be slow and stressful, particularly during times of budget uncertainty. However, such funding is essential for developing technical skills, conducting research, and inspiring future astronomers. Many students trained in these programs go on to work for NASA, become professors, or enter industry, contributing valuable computing and technical expertise.